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Charter Act of 1833
The Charter Act 1833 is an extended charter of the East India Company. The charter of the East India Company, due to expire at the end of 1833, was extended by 20 years by the Charter Act 1833. As a result, the English East India Company lost control of the island of St. Helena. Atlantic Ocean. of the UK Parliament Charter Act 1833, also known as the Government of India Act 1833 or St Helena Act 1833.
The UK Parliament passed the Statutes Act 1833 to update the East India Company Statutes Act 1813. This article takes an in-depth look at the Statutes Act 1833, which is an important part of the UPSC/IAS Exam Policy and Governance Program.
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The History of the Charter Act 1833
As the Industrial Revolution had a significant impact on Britain, theCharter Act of 1833was approved in this regard. The laissez-faire philosophy was adopted as the government's approach to industrial enterprises. The result of the liberal movement was the Reform Act of 1832.
Parliament was asked in 1833 to renew the charter in this age of liberty and change. The political climate in Britain at the time the Charter Act 1833 was drafted was one of change and liberal ideas. They agreed with Macaulay to keep the company policy, but with a different predicate.
However, the bill was presented to Parliament while the Whig party was in power and the legislature was in a favorable mood for reform, free trade and the codification of laws. A milestone in Indian constitutional history was reached with the passage of the Charter Act 1833, following the recommendations of a parliamentary inquiry.
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Provisions of the Charter Act 1833
Office of the Governor General
However, the bill was presented to Parliament while the Whig party was in power and the legislature was in a favorable mood for reform, free trade and the codification of laws. A milestone in Indian constitutional history was reached with the passage of the Charter Act 1833, following the recommendations of a parliamentary inquiry.
IsGovernor General of Indiareceived civil and military authority. The Indian government was formed for the first time and was in control of all British-held territory of India. Lord William Bentick was appointed the first Governor-General of India.
Powers of the General Council
Any applicable law or regulation in British India may be repealed, amended or amended by the Governor General who sits on the Council. Whenever there is disagreement on any matter in the councils of the governor-general, the governor-general's opinion is final and he has the right to overrule the consensus. Working with the councils, the governor-general oversaw civil, military, and fiscal affairs.
The Board of Directors has the power to veto any law passed by the Board Governor, but the Board Governor General has the power to repeal, change or amend any law or regulation for any person on the Board. British rule over India. For the first time, the law required the appointment of a fourth member of the Board of Governors General, who could only attend meetings and vote when it came to passing legislation.
Abolition of the trading privileges of the East India Company
The company has abolished all its trading privileges. This meant that the company could no longer benefit from the monopoly it enjoyed under the Charter Act 1813 over the trade in tea and products from China. The company was granted permission to hold its land in the capacity of trustee of Her Majesty ". , their heirs and assigns."
legal British colony
The Statutory Act 1813 removed all restrictions on British and European immigration. Now Europeans and British could buy, hold and sell any property in India. Now they could freely travel and live in India. India became a British colony.
Reappointment of the Board of Directors as Minister for Indigenous Affairs
The Minister for Indigenous Affairs took over the chairmanship of the Control Council. The law had a clause that would have split the President of Bengal to create the Presidency of Agra and Fort William, but this clause was never implemented.
Financial centralization
The statute also allowed the centralization of financial resources. Presidential governments' ability to raise and spend money has been restricted. All financial affairs, including revenue and expenditure generation, were delegated to the General Board of Governors.
Formation of the Legal Committee
The 1833 Act marked the beginning of an attempt to codify the laws. The Legal Commission was appointed under Section 53 of the Statutes Act 1833. The main purpose of the Law Commission was the codification and harmonization of Indian law.
The first Law Commission was established in 1834 as the first step in codifying laws. Lord Macaulay was its chairman while the other three members, J.M. Madeira, G.W. Anderson and C.H. Cameron represented the respective Presidencies of Calcutta, Madras and Bombay. The draft penal code, often known as the "Macaulay Code", was presented to the government in 1837 by the Juridical Commission.
However, the uprising of 1857 meant that the project could not be fully implemented until 1860. The proposals led to the introduction of the Code of Civil Procedure in 1859, the Indian Penal Code in 1860 and the Code of Criminal Procedure in 1862.
Try to open public services based on the merit system
The law removed barriers based on religion, race, caste, and creed, and allowed full participation of Native Americans in the government of the nation. He reduced the selection criteria to just one: merit. The first law that allowed Indian citizens to participate openly in the government of the country was the Charter Act 1833.
The law gave the board the power to nominate through competitive processes four times as many candidates per year as there are vacancies. It was an attempt to introduce a system of open competition for public service. However, this open competitive approach has not proven itself for the foreseeable future.
abolition of slavery
The ordinance also called for the reduction of slavery that still existed in British India. The Council Governor-General was ordered to take action to end widespread slavery in India. In India, slavery was outlawed by the V Act of 1843.
Increase in the number of bishops
With the passage of the 1833 Act there were now three bishops and the Bishop of Calcutta was appointed Metropolitan Bishop of India.
The Charter Act of 1833 meaning
This law paved the way for the unification of British India and the establishment of a powerful central government there. The law provided for a codification of laws and did not take into account the strict criteria for disqualification from participation in the national administration.
A significant step in consolidating and centralizing Indian administration was the promotion of the Governor-General of Bengal to Governor-General of India. This law gave Indian citizens the freedom to participate in county government without restriction on the basis of race, ethnicity, religion or any other characteristic.
For the first time, the governor-general's legislative and executive responsibilities were divided within the council. The codification of laws was also very important.
The Charter Act of 1833 Disadvantages
The government's council work was so burdened by excessive centralization that it was unable to devote the necessary time and attention to general policy matters or matters of public interest. With no Presidency representative on the Board of Governors, the government was unable to meet the needs, urgencies and demands of local government.
The presidencies gradually grew dissatisfied with the situation and showed little interest in the laws and policies introduced by the Supreme Council. When the central government was established in Calcutta, it was a challenge for the governor-general in council to exercise effective authority over distant presidencies, partly due to the lack of efficient means of communication at the time. The Governor-General held all power, making him extremely powerful and occasionally acting like a Dominator.
Lei gives the UPSC charter of 1833
The British government passed a number of laws to expand the scope of its authority in India, including the Charter Act 1833. The political system of pre-independence India was affected by the provisions of the Act. The British crown gradually took overEast India CompanyAdministration of India in enacting the Charter Acts 1833. The Charter Act 1833 is explained in detail in this UPSC Examination Preparation article.
Frequently asked questions about the Charter Act 1833
Q) What were the main features of the Letters Act of 1813 and 1833?
responderThe Charter Acts 1813 and 1833 ended the company's trade monopoly with India, with the exception of the tea trade. Anyone from UK can do business with India. In addition, the Charter Act 1833 forced the company to cease all its activities in India.
Q) Who introduced the Charter Act 1833?
responderThe East India Company Charter Act 1813 was renewed by an Act of the British Parliament. This law extended the statute of the EIC by 20 years.
Q) What were the objectives of approving the Letters Act 1833?
responderA fourth titular member might be added to the Governor-General charged with making laws in India under the Charter Act 1833. The St Helena Act is another name for the Charter Act 1833. Lord Macaulay was the fourth Governor-General of the Council of India.
Q) Why is the charter of 1833 called the Saint Helena Act?
responderIt is also known as the Saint Helena Act 1833 due to the fact that it stripped the English East India Company of ownership of the island of Saint Helena in the South West Atlantic.
Q) Who introduced the Charter Law?
responderWhen Lord Dalhousie was serving as Governor-General of India, this act was passed.
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FAQs
What were the main provisions of the Act of 1833? ›
The act mandated that any law made in India was to be put before the British Parliament and was to be called 'Act'. As per the act, an Indian Law Commission was established. The first Law Commission had Lord Macaulay as its chairman. It sought to codify all Indian law.
What was the importance of Charter Act? ›The Charter act of 1813 ended the monopoly of the East India Company in India, however the company's monopoly in trade with China and trade in tea with India was kept intact. Thus, trade with India for all commodities except Tea was thrown open to all British subjects.
How did the provisions of Charter Act 1833 impact the administration of India? ›Significance of the Act
It elevated the Governor General of Bengal as Governor General of India and consolidated and centralized the administration of India. It made the East India Company a trustee of the crown in the field of administration. The Act provided to freely admit Indians into administration in the country.
Charter act of 1813 ended the monopoly of the East India Company in India, the company's monopoly in trade with china and trade in tea with India was kept intact. The company's rule was extended to another 20 years.
Which of the following provisions were made in the Charter Act of 1833? ›The Charter act of 1833 became the first act that made provision to freely admit the natives of India to share an administration in the country. The act has given the power to the Court of Directors to nominate annually 4 times as many candidates as there were vacancies through the process of competitive examination.
What act was passed in 1833 and what did it do? ›In 1833 the Government passed a Factory Act to improve conditions for children working in factories. Young children were working very long hours in workplaces where conditions were often terrible. The basic act was as follows: no child workers under nine years of age.
What was the most important provision in the Constitution of India? ›Expert-Verified Answer. The most important provision in our constitution is all persons in independent India are equal in the eyes of law. The India is a democratic country. The base of the Indian democracy is the constitution of the India.
Which of the following Charter Act made a provision? ›HintCharter Act of 1853 was the last charter act passed for the East India Company. It was passed after the expiration of the Charter Act of 1833. Charter Act of 1853 had the provision of Indian Civil Services Recruitment on the basis of competitive examination.
What were the provisions and consequences of Government of India Act 1935? ›The Features of this act were as follows; 1-it provided for the establishment of all Indian federations consisting of provinces and princely states as units. the act divided the powers between centre and units in terms of three lists-Federal list, the Provincial list and the concurrent list.
How does the Charter of rights protect us? ›Protection against unreasonable laws
The Charter protects everyone against unreasonable laws that could lead to imprisonment or harm their physical safety. The law may still comply with the Charter if it is consistent with a basic set of values.
What are the main Charter rights? ›
(a) freedom of conscience and religion; (b) freedom of thought, belief, opinion and expression, including freedom of the press and other media of communication; (c) freedom of peaceful assembly; and. (d) freedom of association.
What does the Charter protect citizens from? ›[1] The Charter lists the fundamental rights and freedoms that Canadians have decided are important and that must therefore be protected and guaranteed in Canadian society. Some of these include, for example, the right to a fair trial and the right to be free from unlawful search and seizure.
What is a charter provision? ›meanings of charter and provision
a formal statement of the rights of a country's people, or of an organization or a particular social group, that is agreed by or demanded from a ruler ...
The key provisions of the Charter Act of 1813 are – end of Company's monopoly over trade, the Company's dividend was 10.5%, One lakh rupees was allocated for the advancement of the education system in India, Board of control was given more powers, the missionaries were permitted to spread the religion in India and so ...
Which of the following is are true regarding the Charter Act of 1833? ›Which of the following is/are true regarding the Charter Act of 1833? (1) Laws made under the Act of 1833 were called Regulations. (2) It made the East India Company a Commercial as well as Administrative body. Correct answer is option 'D'.
Why was the 1833 Convention important? ›Conventions were held there in 1832 and 1833, as colonists expressed grievances and proposed ways for the Mexican government to better serve the colonies.
What was the result of the Convention of 1833? ›Several American legal concepts, including trial by jury, were introduced to Texas, and English was authorized as a second language. Finally, the state created four new municipalities in Texas: Matagorda, San Augustine, Bastrop, and San Patricio.
What was the abolishment of Slavery Act 1833? ›Its full bill title was 'An Act for the Abolition of Slavery throughout the British Colonies; for promoting the Industry of the manumitted Slaves; and for compensating the Persons hitherto entitled to the Services of such Slaves'.
What is the importance of provision constitution? ›It lays out the formal structure of the state, defining the central governments powers and institutions. Moreover, it specifies the relationship between the central government and other levels. Additionally, the constitution establishes the rights of citizens and thereby creates limits on the government.
What are the main provisions in constitution? ›Constitutional Provisions are the set of rules or laws that come under a country's Constitution. It establishes the fundamental rights and duties of the citizens. These cannot be changed or altered by the court or common law. If the provisions are to be changed, they must go through a specific process.
What was the most important provision in the in? ›
1. The most important provision in our constitution is all persons in independent India are equal in the eyes of law.
What were the main provisions of Charter Act of 1853? ›The Act provided for the appointment of a separate governor for the Bengal Presidency. It maintained that the governor of Bengal should be different from the Governor-General who was to head administration of the whole of India.
When did the Charter Act happen? ›Complete answer: The charter act was passed in 1813, and this act was important as it defined the constitutional position of British Indian territories for the first time.
When did the Charter Act start? ›The East India Trading company was established by royal charter on December 31, 1600 by Elizabeth I. The company was given exclusive rights to trade in the “East Indies” (Southeast Asia).
What were the main provisions and the defects of the Regulating Act 1773? ›Defects of Regulating Act 1773
The Governor-General had no veto power. It did not address the concerns of the Indian population who were paying revenue to the company. It did not stop corruption among the company officials. The Supreme Court's powers were not well-defined.
The 1850 Act for the Government and Protection of Indians facilitated removing California Indians from their traditional lands, separating at least a generation of children and adults from their families, languages, and cultures (1850 to 1865).
What were the provisions and consequences of Government of India Act 1935 Brainly? ›Answer. The Government of India Act, 1935 was passed by British Parliament in August 1935. ... This act ended the system of dyarchy introduced by the Government of India Act, 1919 and provided for establishment of a Federation of India to be made up of provinces of British India and some or all of the Princely states.
Does the Charter protect political rights? ›The Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms protects your basic rights and freedoms. It is a fundamental law that all other Quebec laws are subject to in most situations.
How many rights are protected by the Charter of Rights and Freedoms? ›The Charter requires public authorities, such as Victorian state and local government departments and agencies, and people delivering services on behalf of government, to act consistently with the human rights in the Charter. Twenty fundamental human rights are protected in the Charter.
How many human rights are protected by the Charter? ›The Charter Act contains twenty rights that promote and protect the values of freedom, respect, equality and dignity.
What 4 rights are also written in the Charter? ›
The principal rights and freedoms covered by the Charter include: freedom of expression; the right to a democratic government; the right to live and seek work anywhere in Canada; the legal rights of people accused of crimes; the rights of Indigenous peoples; the right to equality including gender equality; the right to ...
What does the Charter of Rights not apply to? ›4. Non-governmental entities – The “nature of the action” The Charter does not apply to non-governmental entities created by government for the purpose of legally enabling them to do things of their own choosing (such as private corporations, hospitals and universities) (McKinney, supra; Stoffman, supra).
How are Charter rights different from human rights? ›Human rights law deal only with the right to be free from discrimination, while the Charter addresses a number of other human rights in addition to the right to equal treatment.
Why was the Charter created? ›It is designed to unify Canadians around a set of principles that embody those rights. The Charter was signed into law by Queen Elizabeth II of Canada on April 17, 1982, along with the rest of the Constitution Act, 1982.
How does the Charter of Rights and Freedoms promote equality? ›Section 15 of the Charter says everyone is equal before the law and has the right to equal protection of the law, without discrimination. The section highlights the right to be free of discrimination based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex, age, or mental or physical disability.
What were the main provisions of the Indian Act? ›It forbade First Nations peoples and communities from expressing their identities through governance and culture. The Act replaced traditional structures of governance with band council elections. Hereditary chiefs — leaders who acquire power through descent rather than election — are not recognized by the Indian Act.
What were the provisions of the Act of Settlement? ›It confirmed the provision of the Bill of Rights that no Catholic or person with a Catholic spouse could sit on the throne. The Act also legislated that, to preserve the Protestant Succession in case neither Anne nor William had any more children, the Crown would pass at Anne's death to a Protestant relation.
What were the main provisions of the Act of 1935? ›The Features of this act were as follows; 1-it provided for the establishment of all Indian federations consisting of provinces and princely states as units. the act divided the powers between centre and units in terms of three lists-Federal list, the Provincial list and the concurrent list.
What were the main provisions of the Act of 1861? ›It was chiefly advisory. No discussion on finance was permitted. Even though Indians were nominated, there was no statutory provision for the inclusion of Indians in it. It allowed for the decentralisation of administration with the vesting of legislative power to the presidencies of Bombay and Madras.
What were the major provisions of the Constitution? ›Federalism aside, three key principles are the crux of the Constitution: separation of powers, checks and balances, and bicameralism.
How many provisions are there in India? ›
The constitution has a preamble and 470 articles, which are grouped into 25 parts. With 12 schedules and five appendices, it has been amended 105 times; the latest amendment became effective on 15 August 2021.
What were the provisions in the Act of Supremacy? ›The first Elizabethan Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy 1558, which declared Elizabeth the Supreme Governor of the Church of England, instituted an Oath of Supremacy, requiring anyone taking public or church office to swear allegiance to the monarch as head of the Church and state.
Why was the Act of Settlement passed in legal history? ›The main purpose of the Act of Settlement 1781 was to establish a system of courts to remove grievances against the Supreme Courts and mitigate the failure of the Regulating Act's 1773 aim of controlling administration through judiciary problems with the Supreme Court.
What was the drawback of Act of Settlement? ›There was a lot of confusion regarding the powers and jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. Also, there was ambiguity between the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court and that of the Council of the Governor-General. Also, the Act failed to address the concerns of the Indian natives who were the actual sufferers.
What are the main features of the Act? ›- Gram Sabha. The Gram Sabha is constitutionally provided to act as the legislative unit in the PRIs. ...
- State Election Commission. Another salient feature of the Act of 1992 was the provision of the State Election Commission. ...
- Finance Commission. ...
- Conclusion.
The Banking Act of 1935 gave the Board of Governors control over other tools of monetary policy. The act authorized the Board to set reserve requirements and interest rates for deposits at member banks. The act also provided the Board with additional authority over discount rates in each Federal Reserve district.
Which of the following was not a provision under the Act of 1935? ›The Correct Answer is Option 1 i.e No provincial autonomy. Government of India Act 1935: Few provisions were: Provincial autonomy was granted.
What are the disadvantages of the council Act of 1892? ›They could not sit in the legislatures as a matter of right of election. 2. The functions of the Legislative Councils were strictly circumscribed. The members could not ask supplementary questions.
How many charter acts are there? ›Read the Charter Acts of 1793, 1813 and 1833 in the linked articles given below: Charter Act of 1793. Charter Act of 1813. Charter Act of 1833.
What were the causes and provisions of Indian High Court Act of 1861? ›The Indian High Courts Act, 1861, abolished the Supreme Court and Sadar Adalat's in the Presidencies and the Act also empowered the Crown to issue Letter's Patent under the great Seal of the United Kingdom, to erect and establish High Court of Judicature at Calcutta, Madras and Bombay.